![]() On this issue, I introduce representative scholarship that views creoles as hybrid grammars and which argues that, as such, some of their syntactic (and semantic) modules are derived from their substrates, whereas others originate from their superstrates (Aboh, 2007, 2009), allowing for innovative feature recombinations. I then report on a third line of thought regarding the syntactic properties of creoles and their mixed origin. (2006) who propose that creoles reflect processes of second language acquisition. On this topic, I evaluate the positions and compare the views of Plag (2008) and Lefebvre et al. In contrast to that approach, for other scholars, creoles instantiate features of the interlanguage found in second language acquisition. According to this view, creoles supposedly share similar syntactic features because they instantiate an innate language bioprogram that is activated in the chaotic environment in which pidgins and creoles typically emerge (I focus on Bickerton, 1984, 1999, 2014 and compare the claims he makes in his earlier and latest works). I show that distinct motivations and arguments underlie the idea that creoles form a “type” of languages. ![]() With time a pidgin may become a creole if native speakers of a pidgin develop.In this chapter, I focus on three main topics: I examine the syntactic properties that have been presented as differentiating creoles from other natural languages, and I evaluate proposals that argue that specific clusters of syntactic features are attested across a wide range of creoles, casting them as a “type” of languages in so doing, I report on the assumptions behind such assertions (Bickerton, 1984, 1999, 2014). Pidgins and creoles serve the purpose of communicating among people groups who have different languages. This was not possible with a pidgin as pidgins serve as a way of communicating between two groups while creoles are for communicating both between groups and within a group.Įxamples of creoles include “Manglish” (Malaysian English), “Singlish” (Singaporean English) and “Taglish” (Tagalog English). ![]() A creole can also be used to identify members of a group. Since it is the first language of many people, there is a sense of pride over using the language. People’s attitudes towards a creole are often different as well. Furthermore, a creole has a much more standardized grammar rules. Since it is the first language of a group, creoles are used in many more areas of life and have a much richer structure. There are also other differences between a pidgin and creole. Children grow speaking a creole as their first language. In Asia, most countries have or had some form of pidgin English such as Thailand “Tinglish”, Japan has “Japanese Bamboo English.” Over time, many pidgins mature into what we call creoles.Ī creole is a pidgin that now has native speakers. Slaves came from different parts of Africa and often could not communicate without developing a pidgin. Many came as a result of slavery in the western hemisphere. There are many pidgins in the world today. As such, they are often difficult to learn for a speaker of either the superstrate or substrate language to learn as they do not follow the normal rules of grammar as found in the superstrate or substrate language. For example, pidgins are often missing affixes, inflections, and a smaller vocabulary compared to other languages.Ī pidgin usually sounds ridiculous to a speaker of either of the two languages it is derived from. Pidgins are highly simplified in their grammar and syntax. The language that provides the majority of the vocabulary is called the superstrate and the minority language is called the substrate. Pidgins are not used as a form of group identification but rather for practical communication.Ī pidgin is also the combination of two different languages. Buying and selling and other transactions are reasons for the development of a pidgin. ![]() Pidgins are frequently developed for business and trading. In other words, it is a younger language that is developed as a means of communicating between two groups who do not speak the same language. This post will define and explain some of the characteristics of these two linguistic termsĪ pidgin is a language that does not have any native speakers. Pidgin and Creole are two common terms used in linguistics to describe a language. ![]()
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